On the other hand, psilotum flaccidum, known more as a hawaiian fern ally is also known by the scientific name psilotum complanatum. Psilotum complanatum information from the smithsonians flora of the hawaiian islands information about psilotum complanatumincluding nomenclature and synonymy, and status and distribution in hawaiiis provided by the flora of the hawaiian islands website of the smithsonian national museum of natural history. We do not intend the plant list to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. The origin of branching in the aerial shoot ofpsilotum nudum. Superficially, the hybrid resembles both parents and is often confused with them. The whisk ferns are the only freeliving vascular land plants without true roots. Show all show tabs flatfork fern general information.
Reports of psilotum nudum in new mexico and in west texas remain unverified. Whisk fern, moa, moa nahele, pipi, oo moa psilotum. Etymology the generic name is from the greek psilos, naked or smooth, alluding to the smooth aerial stems without leaves. Psilotum complanatum wikispecies, free species directory. The plant body is differentiated into rhizome and aerial branches. This file contains additional information such as exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about whisk fern, moa, moa nahele, pipi, oo moa psilotum complanatum supplied by member gardeners in the plantfiles database at daves g. Psilotum definition is a genus the type of the family psilotaceae of chiefly tropical fern allies with terrestrial or epiphytic habit, slender branching stems, and sessile 3celled sporangia usually in spikes. The synangium in psilotum can be considered as homologus to fertile portion of rhynia where one arm is fertile and other is sterile. Three main groups are distinguished within the pterophyta. The record derives from tropicos data supplied on 20120418 which reports it as an accepted name record 26625279 with original publication details. Though several species have been reported in psilotum, all of them usually fall into two well defined species, viz. Lycopodium complanatum is an evergreen fern growing to 0. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis.
Psilotum nudum is an ancestral epiphytic of the monilophytes which has been recently reported from hyrcanian forests. Psilotum complanatum, the flatfork fern, is a rare herbaceous epiphytic fern ally in the genus psilotum. The morphological and anatomical reinvestigation of the. Psilotum complanatum ferns and lycophytes of the world. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
My field work is centered in mexico, colombia, and papua new guinea. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. There are two species, psilotum nudum and psilotum complanatum, with a hybrid between them known. Psilotum definition of psilotum by the free dictionary. A wide range of chromosome numbers on material outside the flora has been reported for this species. This pdf version does not have an isbn or issn and is not therefore effectively published melbourne code, art. Pdf psilotum hazaricum a new contribution to the flora of pakistan. Psilotum type genus of the psilotaceae genus psilotum fern genus genera of ferns and fern allies family psilotaceae, psilotaceae small family. It was already introduced as an epiphytic species from. The conditions in the bootjacks are ideal for its survival.
Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. It is probably far more common than collections indicate, however. Plants in these two genera were once thought to be descended from the earliest surviving vascular plants, but more recent phylogenies place them as basal ferns, as a sister group to ophioglossales. Psilotum belong to the whiskfern family psilotaceae with only two wide spread species. Lyconadins g and h, two rare lyconadintype lycopodium. Endodermis there is well developed endodermis between the stele and the cortex. Its aim is to create a comprehensive free content catalogue of all species. Psilotum synonyms, psilotum pronunciation, psilotum translation, english dictionary definition of psilotum. Psilotum nudum, moa, moa nahele, pipi, oo moa, whisk fern, indigenous. A plant buff can recognize both species of psilotum p. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Wikimedia commons ruggiero ma, gordon dp, orrell tm, bailly n, bourgoin t, brusca rc, et al.
Austrolycopodium, diphasium, and diphasiastrum one species in the first three. Two major sources were used in deciding to list the species at the introduction of the. So then, the apparently redundant name psilotum nudum refers to a really naked, naked plant. Hence psilotum and tmesipteris constitute a natural group in pteridophyta and should be placed at the beginning of pteridophyte classification next to early vascular plants and before lycopsida. I am particularly interested in macroevolutionary rates and characters that diagnose large clades of ferns and lycophytes. Psilotum pronounced zilotum is a lowgrowing plant devoid of any roots or leaves. These are primarily included because names of species rank are synonyms. Primitive fern allies of the genera psilotum and tmesip. Morphologically, the plant is simple, lacking leaves and roots, and having hanging stems with dichotomous branching, which lack developed leaves but have minute scales.
It is one of two genera in the family psilotaceae, the other being tmesipteris. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. The free living sporophytic plant body is a dichotomously branching stem consisting of a subterranean mycorrhizal rhizome and a green, photosynthetic aerial portion that bears very small nonvascularized scalelike flaps of tissue called enations and 2 3lobed eusporangia or. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Psilotum complanatum lyman plant house, smith college. Psilotum nudum is a terrestrial plant that grows in humus, among rocks and at the base of trees. These cells has casparian bands on their radial walls 2. Pdf arbuscular mycorrhizal morphology in sporophyte of psilotum. Psilotum complanatum endangered species listing nsw.
Another difference between pterophyta and higher plants is that many species belonging to the pterophyta have a vegetative propagation path by means of rhizomes e. Most commonly, it grows erectly on the ground or in crevices among rocks, but it may also grow as an epiphyte on treeferns or among other. Epiphyte in rainforest, often found growing from bases of other. Steler system the stele of psilotum consists of following parts a, while pericycle and pith are usually absent. Plants profile for psilotum complanatum flatfork fern. Arbuscular mycorrhizal morphology in sporophyte of. Moa is chicken, referring to a chickens comb, and reference to the fronds. Psilotum was long considered a fern ally, a surviving remnant of an extinct devonian flora because of its. Both species are indigenous to the hawaiian islands. Psilotum is a genus of fernlike vascular plants, commonly known as whisk ferns. Pdf psilotum species, is of considerable importance in palaeobotany considering. Psilotum is distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Psilotum complanatum, the flatfork fern, is a rare herbaceous epiphytic fern ally in the genus.
The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. The plant list includes 7 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus psilotum. Pdf the mycorrhizal structures of the sporophyte of psilotum nudum were studied by light microscopy. Lycopodium complanatum ground pine, groundcedar pfaf plant. It has been observed through gel electrophoresis that histone protein profiles of psilotum are more or less identical with the histones of mosses.
Psilotum nudum, the whisk fern figure a, grows in the florida woods. The xylem is actinostelic and radial in outside in 6 rays, the protoxylem is located. Eeb greenhouse accession data for psilotum x intermedium. Arbuscular mycorrhizal morphology in sporophyte of psilotum nudum. This pdf version does not have an isbn or issn and is not therefore. Habitat of lycopodium complanatum by hollis marriott. The free living sporophytic plant body is a dichotomously branching stem consisting of a subterranean mycorrhizal rhizome and a green, photosynthetic aerial portion that bears very small nonvascularized scalelike flaps of tissue called enations and 2 3lobed eusporangia or synangia on very short lateral branches. Psilotum and tmesipteris are the only two living genera in this phylum. The systematic position of psilotum and tmesipteris. Common names flatfork fern in english bibliographic references. It also grows on soil where humus is abundantly available.
The plant list includes a further 2 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus psilotum. Psilotum nudum, one of two species in the genus psilotum, is widely distributed across tropical and subtropical areas of the americas, africa, asia and australasia, with a small, endangered population found in southern spain. I have had whisk fern, psilotum nudum growing in the boot jacks of my sable palm for several years now. Psilotum complanatum information from the smithsonians flora of the hawaiian islands information about psilotum complanatum including nomenclature and synonymy, and status and distribution in hawaiiis provided by the flora of the hawaiian islands website of the smithsonian national museum of natural history. There is some evidence that it might be a true fern that has lost some typically fernlike characteristics. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Background information the two native species of moa psilotum spp. Psilotum species, moa, skeleton fork fern, whisk fern. Feb 15, 2018 this concept was suggested by bierhorst 1956 according to him each unit in synangium represents a condensed fertile axis. Psilotum complanatum, the flatfork fern, is a rare herbaceous epiphytic fern ally in. Both these species differ in their distribution and general description. Psilotum complanatum psilotaceae hear species info.
Two major sources were used in deciding to list the species at the introduction of the threatened species conservation act in 1995. No count is available from north american material. The states only known population is found within the upper sand creek botanical management area on black. Click on a place name to get a complete protected plant list for that location. Holub, mainly distributed in the temperate and subtropical regions of the world 14, was used as a traditional.
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